KOREAN STUDENTS CLASH WITH POLICE
Students in South Korea returned from their summer vacation in-a militant mood. On August 20 they mounted a demonstration in Seoul that brought out 1,500 carrying placards demanding nullification of the recent treaty with Japan, which, they state, paves the way for renewed domination of Korea by Japanese imperialism. Police blocked them from marching downtown,
On the following day they assembled again. When police blocked their march, they responded with rocks. The police then resorted to tear-gas shells before charging their ranks. On August 23 the students demonstrated once more, This time their ranks had grown to 6,000. Police battled them-on eight separate.fronts. Against teargas shells the students hurled showers of rocks. About 50 students were arrested. Several policemen and students were injured. The cops used a 20-truck convoy carrying 1,000 fully armed soldiers in a show of force.
The next day the students were out 8,000 strong. The police used tear=-gas shells and billy clubs. The students threw rocks. The demonstrations swelled even larger the following day with still more violence and the cabinet went into session to determine what to do,
UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE SOVIET UNION?-
By Ernest Germain
The August 31 issue of l'Humanité, the French Communist party daily, carried a long article by Jean Kanapa replying to reports in the bourgeois press (particularly Le Monde and 1l'Express) alleging that unemployment exists at present in the USSR.
It should be said, to begin with, that the choice of Kanapa to give lessons in intellectual integrity to the bourgeois press was not exactly an inspired one -- but could the editors of l1'Humanité have done any better? This old Stalinist hack has for more than two decades dutifully approved without the slightest critical spirit all the successive shifts of the Soviet bureaucracy, distinguishing himself particularly by his use of invective and slander against anyone who dares call attention to this or that "dark spot" in Soviet society.
Today he tells us in passing that "the law now [sic] bans women from working in the mines." Is it necessary to recall that for years this same Kanapa hailed giving women heavy labor in the mines as a "socialist conquest of equality between men and women," brazenly denying that this was-not how the founders of scientific socialism and the Soviet state -- including the authors of the first labor laws of the USSR -- conceived this equality?
Today he tells us in passing: "Since [sic] the period inaugurated by the Twentieth Congress of the CPSU, Soviet workers have been completely free to work wherever they want to and to change jobs whenever they please."
This means that in Stalin's time, this freedom did not exist and Soviet workers did not have the right to change jobs without prior authorization from the bureaucrats. How did it happen:that the Kanapas did not notice during those long years the heavy constraints weighing down the working class in the "land of socialism"? How did it happen that they did not understand that it was truly monstrous to put the label "socialist" on a society in which the workers -supposed to enjoy a thousand times more freedom under socialism than capitalism! -- did not even have the right to-change jobs?
But this witness, who is without morals, remains true to himself in dealing with a problem which is raised with more frankness in the Soviet Union itself. The articles in Le Monde and 1'Express were based largely on a study by J. Manevitch which appeared in the June 1965 issue of the magazine Voprossi Ekonomiki. In leveling his attack, Kanapa based himself in turn mainly on this article, which he sought to use to refute the really fantastic interpretations offered by the bourgeois journalists, But seeking to prove himself more Catholic than the Pope, he chose to falsify his own sources in order to hide from the readers of l'Humanité that there really is
unemployment -=- marginal unemployment -- in the USSR. He states in short:
"The problem that is posed is thus not at all that of unemployment --