INVBRNAL STRUGGLE CONTINUES IN ALGERTA
Though Ben Bella's policy toward a cocialist Algeria has the overwhelming support of the poor massés in the countryside end in the towns, the rro-bourgeois ele:ents and currents are still. carrying on their opposition.
The most recent. vocal manifestation has been a statement by Krim Belkacem, made in Paris after his return from Cairo. The former member of the Provisional Government of Algerian Republic (GPRA) has expressed himself both with violent threats anc with vicious and reactionerv attacks against the Bureau in charge of the socialized sectez;. Ben Bella immediately denounced Belkacem, suggesting that he was involved in certein crimes curing nis tenure of office in the Provisional Government.
Belkacem Krim will certainly not return to Algeria. But in Krim's ebsence Ferhat Abbas acts as the political brain of the bourgeoisie. He does not openly oppose socialism but criticizes the "tempo," "methods" of socialist reconstruction, and so on. “
While supporting the mess movement towerd socialism, Ben Belle -has not broken with Ferhet Abbas. The old coalition _ still continues. A month ago Ben Bella spoke of building a socialist revolutionary party, but he has recently expressed himself arainst the formation of a party and has suggosted the nead to create a "front," i.c., an organization in which the coalition may still continue,
One shovld not be surprised by these oscillations. hey are not the first onos, and many more ray manifest themselves until the revolution finds its full development. We have explained many tines tho contradictory nature of the situation and the difficulties weighing on the Algerian Revolution, Therefore, it is all the more neccessary to blame the attitude of so-callca "loftists" like Bovdiaf and the PRS (Party of Socialist Revolution) who, instead of supporting wholeheartedly the socialist mcasures in order to make them successful, are chewing on old grievances, hurlins demagrogic criticisms at the regime. Deprived of any serious alternative program, they are only playing into the hands of the reactionary clements. ‘Boudiaf who wes arrested last month has since boen freed but’ confined to "forced residence" in a southern town of “Algeria, He is permitted to receive visitors,
1 Bian
The Literaturnaya Gazeta has recently published an attack against Urotsky"s theory of the permanent revolution, The opportunity used for it was the book published in France by Martinet, editor of Franco Observeteur, who selects crumbs hero and there from the ideas of Trotsky and the Fourth International only in order to fight revolutionary Marxism, To call Nertinet a Trotskyist or a "Neo-Trotskyist" as Literaturnaya Cazeta Goes will certainly bo resented by him as an insult. Sut the item in the Moscow paper is notable for the fact that it mentions the "soecalled Fourth International" groups in various countries, and for the manner in which it presents and discusses political positions of Trotskyism. “This is sonct»ing like a movie presented in reverse orders The discussions look somewhat like the debate conducted bv the Stalinists in the late twentics, before the Fifteenth Congress of the. Soviet Conmaunist Perty and. before the wild repressions and the accusations launched during the Moscow Trials.
The Literaturnaya Gazeta statos:
"It is woll lmown that V.I.Lenin, the party, and the Communist International have demonstrated in a convincing manner the incohorence of the ideological and political posi~ tions of the Trotskyists who were attacking the correct line of world communism in relation to the fundamental problems of the socialist revolution, Trotskyism was and is in profound contradiction to the Loninist oriontation of the foreign policy of victorious socialism, Trotskyism approaches in an erroneous way the quostion of the connection between tho tasks of economic construction inside the Soviet Union anc tho perspectives of the revolutionary movenent in other countrics. It is useful to ronember that Trotsky, in his elaboration of tho thoory of permanent revolution, used many of the ideas of the Menshevik Parvuse « « » The Trotskyist conception of pormenent rovolution grossly distorts the Marxist-Leninist doctrine. In ocpposition to the Leninists, the Trotskyists maintainod anc still meintain an erroneous approciation of the rclationship botwoen the internal promises of the rovoluticn ond its external pre~mises. Sy deforming tho Marxist-Leninist conception of the international significance and the character of tho first socialist revolution, Trotsky and his sunvorters while hiding behind oa revolutionary phrascology, were actually orposed to the Leninist cenclusion on the possibility cf tho victory of socialism in a single country. They maintained that the prolotarian rovolution connot be completed within the national frenowork. The victorious construction of socialism and all its now successes in building ccmnunism in the Sovict Union aro testimonials to the bankruptcy of such prophosics. » « One snould not be astonished by tho fact that by rejocting the Loninist theory of revolution, Trotskyisn attacks 2lso the Ieninist policy of peaceful cooxistence, peaceful ne:otiations with bourgeois gevoernments. Tho noo-Trotskyists in the Wost repeat mainly what Trotsky had already proachod, for exanplo, in his book published abroad in 1930, "Tho Fermanont Revolution." We hear fron them again the samo accusations against the CPSU cnd the CP's in other countrics that they have dagencrated from
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Marxists into pacifists,. onc also the same laments that the Soviot communists havo transformed tho struggle against war into a self-oxhausting task.
"The nec-Trotskyists, as con be seen in their printed organs oxprossing the points of view of tho so-called Fourth International, start from the thoory of inevitability of war botweon West anc Bast. The policy of poacoful coexistence batweon tho two systoms, defended by the CPSU, is characterizod by them as cpportunism without any proof."
Whoover Imows the past controversics in the Soviot CP will have no difficulty in lkmowing that these linos distort the truth in the way it was done during the yoars 1923-27, when the Loft Opposition was prevented from presenting its views legally in tho party ond in the country, .
mong the Russian readors of Literaturnaya Gazeta belonging to the voungor goncrations, moro than ond will Ctortoinly note that it is the affirmations of this p-por ageinst Trotsky and the Trotskyists which are prosonted without the least proof. ®hore are no quotations, only sirple assertions that the Trotskyiste wore wrong, But why do the Sevict papers raise again, thirty yoors aftor Stalin launched his reprossions, the "discussion" on theories which were once "proved erroneous." More than one reader in tho Sevict Union will think that the proofs were ofter all not so convincing. Ané more than one Soviot citizon will domand to mow what Trotsky anc the Trotskyists have .actually written. If it is a matter of idcolocical and political aifreroencos, why do tho Soviet cuthoritics still follow Stalin's mothods of forbidding the publication of the so-called bankrupt views? Lot the Soviot masses have the possibility to mow whct the difforonces of the twenties wore by malin; avoile>le all tho writings of Trotsky and cther Bolshovik leaders who fought Stalin, Only thus will the Sovict people undorstand why Stalin oné the cult of Stalin coulé omerge in the Sovict Union,
Domonstrations by Negrees seeking cquality in both northorn and seuthern parts of the United Stctes are assuming massive proportions hitherto unimown in Amorican history and thoy hove become a major challenge to the Kennedy ad:-inistration.
Some concessions have indeed beon won in sone areas, but in othor rogicns the mevenent is- meeting stiff eprosition and Golaying tactics frem racist officicls.
Tho biggest over Civil Rights March was orgenized in. Detroit on June 23 when more than 200,000 turned out to show their solidarity with southorn Noprocs amé to voice their conznd for "Frocdom Now iz the North Too,"
Reporting the Detroit demonstration, Harrict Tolan writes in tke Now York raéical weekly, The Militant: "Mo only time I have evor seon anything like downtown Dotroit cn June 23 was on January 2, 1961, in Havana, whore I watched the mammoth’ colebra-
tion of the Cuban Rovolution's socond anniversary. Tho Freedom March dwarfod the biggest labor dononstrations ever held here within my memory =- which gocs back to the 1940s."
Thore were some whites alse presont, 2 majority cf them radicals, They woro welcomed beyord their numbers onc trot moro applause than their strength warrantec. It wes as if tho Negre crowds were saying: "We apprecinte your support, even if your numbers are fovw,"
The Fhiladelphia movement for moro jobs for Negroes alse pioneored a significant experiment in demonstraticn techniauc on June 24 whon a four-hour goneral work=steppaco by the city's Negroos was called to mourn for Mogar Evers (Negro leader slain br a whito racist). Tho stopprge was called by Cecil Moore, local NAACP (Notional Agsocictinn for the Advancement of Colored Poople) hoad, and was supported by CORE (Csneress of Racial Equality) ané en alliance of ministors. The city's top AFI- CIO officials opposed it, but some loccl vrions cavo support. City officials at first threstened roprisals against the city employocs joining the stoppage but Inter changed thoir tuno. Some 4,000 people picketed city hall during the stoppage.
Moss arrests of Froedom Marcheors aro: reported from various citics in the United States. Some 500 Caomonmtrators wore | cxrested in Gadsen, Alabama, in the list wool: of Juno. Some 'of the arrostod porsons were shockec by clectric prod roles, both eutside and inside the jail. In Danville, Virginia, nolice raided tho church honadquarters of civilerichts loaders seeking several persons indicted by a grand jury on June 21 on charges of “inciting to rict." About 100 persons were arrested in Danville demonstrations in May and Jumo and sone 40 parsons were injured by the police clubs and fire hosos.,
Less than a fortnicht ofter the massive Froedcn March, Detroit's Negro community was shocked by tho brutal slaying of 24-year-old Cynthic Scott by a white policeman, ‘Vayne County Prosecuter ruled the shooting "justifiable hemicide” and said Neero oye-witnesses who contradictoé the policeman's story were "too bissed,." In protest on July 13 two Nogro organizations, Uburu (meaning "freedom" in Swahili) ané the Greup on advanced Dondorship (GOAL) acbilized ever 1,000 snory ghetto éwellers in frent of the police heodquarters to condenn the killing,
Some 300 persons dononstratod for civil rights on the courthouse steps in Cambridgo, Maryland, ene they kept ovfioxr although thoy wero pelted with eges by white racists. While thoy wore returning to the Nogro soction, one of their number, Willian Jackson (17), was arrested by the State police for "“carrving a paring. lmife." Soon the word srroead in the Negro locality and a lorge crowd, armed for defense against racist attacks, began marching on tho armory where young Jackson was being held, shouting, "Froedcm, Freedom." Fanicked by the dononstration, the police rolensod their priss»er befcre the erowd. reached the armerr. Forcing tho police to rele nse a Nogro from 2 southern gail was indecd a historic ovent.
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On another occasion, a mere threat of a mass march by Negroes in Cambridge, Maryland, on July 12 won the relocse of 14. Negroes jailed for allegedly violating tho martial law in force there. As the aroused Negro community cathored at a lecal church » Reginald Robins-n- of tho Studont Non-violent Coordinetine Cammittee “ocvnanad oh C_n2 thet if the prisoners, including rights loader Gloria Richards-n, wore not released xv S:30 chore would be an all-out morch on the jail. At 6:25 a2 Naticnal Cuord officer arrived at the church and announced weleoase of the 14 prisoners,
The New York polico arrested moro than 300 dononstrators on July 22 when 1,000 white and Negro denenstrators poarcded around the corstructicon site of the Downstate Medical Center is Breoklyn protesting job discrimination, Police officials, according te the No W York Herald Tribune (July 23), scid that the number of errests ™ surpassed the at of the Harlom r2ce rict in 1943 and was dompereble to the draft riots during the Civil Wor." A policemar commented: "This is the biggest civil-rights cononstreaticn that I kmow of ever held in Brooklyn and probably tho entire city
468 the Noersoes are intensifying their strugele fer civil richts the canitalist rulors cf the United States are Gobdating how to pilot the civil-richts lews through Congress. A powerful section of the czpitelist politicsans in bent on sabotaging tyro passase of the civil-rights bill by tho Congress. A massive Freedom March has beon announced for August 26 te force the Conzressnen to act. A numbor of northern liborzls othe ne Yeosidoxt Zemicey, however, hove advised Noers leaders te call off the Aucust 20 March cn the cround that the Congressmen won't like it. his scoms another dirty trick by tho Dixiecr=ts who control tho committees to bleck and stall the bills in the faco of growing resistence of tho Negro vovulation.
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